New Naqqaliشاهنامه
Object · The Shahnameh · Volumes I, II, III

jowshanجوشن

jow-SHAN

A coat of plate or lamellar armor.

In the poem
First at A1.2, Siamak and the Black Div; last at E10.13, Bijan Marches against Mahwi
Named
312 times, in 209 sections
Main stories
C3 The Battle of the Twelve Rukhs (35); C4 The Final Afrasiab Wars and the Disappearance of Kay Khosrow (22); E6 Khosrow Parviz (22)

In the poem’s own words

The 8 sections that name jowshan most often, with the summary from the Notes and the couplets that name jowshan. Tap a couplet number to read it in the full poem.
B5.10

Kavus Wars with Mazandaran

The armies meet, and Rostam spears the boasting champion Juya out of the saddle. After a week of battle Kavus prays; Rostam then spears the sorcerer-king, who turns himself into a rock. Rostam carries it to camp, the king emerges and is killed, and Ulad receives Mazandaran.

  • B5.10.39
    The spear tore through jowshan and straps apart,And hurled him reeling, stunned in strength and heart.
  • B5.10.41
    He plunged into a ravine, bloodied, torn,His jowshan split, from breast and shoulder shorn.
  • B5.10.91
    Rostam struck the girdle with his spear;Through jowshan, belt, the tempered point drove clear.
jowshan named 4 times here · read the section in the full poem · notes
B8.18

Rostam and Sohrab Meet in Combat

Rostam and Sohrab fight with short spears, swords, gorz and arrows, then grapple, but neither can unseat the other. Sohrab strikes Rostam’s shoulder and mocks his age. Each then ravages the other’s army, and they part at nightfall to fight again at dawn.

jowshan named 4 times here · read the section in the full poem · notes
B12.14

The March to Kasa Rud

Tus lays waste the Turanian marches and camps at Kasa Rud. Bijan claims the fight with Palashan as the Shah’s charge, borrows Siavash’s mail from Giv, breaks Palashan’s back with his gorz and brings his head to Tus.

  • B12.14.24
    Give me Siavash’s jowshan; let me go;This leopard I shall hunt and overthrow.”
  • B12.14.25
    Then Giv put the jowshan in Bijan’s grasp;He fastened tight each ring and scale and clasp.
  • B12.14.44
    He struck brave Palashan across the waist,And broke the spine his jowshan had encased.
jowshan named 5 times here · read the section in the full poem · notes
C3.12

News of Houman Reaches Bijan

Told of Houman’s boasting, Bijan arms and demands Siavash’s armor. He tells Giv that Gudarz has lost his nerve, is refused, appeals to Gudarz himself, and wins leave to fight. Giv protests and is overruled; Bijan rides for the field.

  • C3.12.7
    He donned his Roman jowshan, armed to fight,And drew the girth around his Shabrang tight.
  • C3.12.45
    Let Giv bring helm and jowshan, Roman-made,Unbind their knots; let my plea be obeyed.”
  • C3.12.89
    If he seeks war, where is his battle gear?He has his jowshan; why ask for mine here?”
jowshan named 6 times here · read the section in the full poem · notes
C3.13

Giv Arms Bijan with Siavash’s Jowshan

Giv repents, overtakes Bijan and gives him Siavash’s jowshan and his own horse. Bijan finds an interpreter and rides to Houman; the two trade threats until Houman puts the fight off to dawn, and both camps pass a sleepless night.

  • C3.13.9
    If Houman harms him, what use shall I seeIn jowshan, sword, and girdle left to me?
  • C3.13.23
    He dismounted, gave him shield and steed,Siavash’s jowshan, for battle’s need.
  • C3.13.26
    That jowshan shields your body in the fight,Since you must face an Ahriman of might.”
jowshan named 4 times here · read the section in the full poem · notes
C8.21

Rostam Battles Esfandiyar

At dawn Rostam posts Zavareh with the troops and rides out alone. He offers to let the armies fight instead; Esfandiyar refuses, and the two agree that no one will help either of them. Spears, swords and gorzes break, and their wrestling ends in deadlock.

  • C8.21.1
    When day arrived, brave Rostam’s frame was casedIn jowshan, tiger-skin above it placed.
  • C8.21.23
    He donned his jowshan, set upon his headHis Kayanian helm, as he had said.
jowshan named 5 times here · read the section in the full poem · notes
D13.4

Anooshirvan Orders the Army Assembled

The Shah builds a muster office by the palace gate for Babak, who summons the warriors and twice sends them home because the king himself has not appeared. On the third day Anooshirvan rides up armed, is inspected, and is entered on the payroll.

  • D13.4.18
    Go fully armed, with jowshan, bow, and spear,And come before Babak for muster here.”
  • D13.4.29
    He smiled, and called for jowshan and for helm,And raised the royal standard of the realm.
jowshan named 4 times here · read the section in the full poem · notes
E6.12

The Plot against Bahram Chubin

In prison Bandvi works on young Bahram until the young man makes him swear on the Zand-Avesta, frees him, and plots to kill Chubin at polo. The plotter’s wife, in love with Chubin, betrays him; Chubin feels the hidden armor, cuts him down, and Bandvi flees toward Mawsil.

  • E6.12.37
    His jowshan brought, he drew it to his side,Then hid it under robes and went to ride.
  • E6.12.41
    Bahram conceals a jowshan in his robe;What evil he intends, I cannot probe.
  • E6.12.46
    “O viler than a snake! What man is foundIn jowshan under silk on polo-ground?”
jowshan named 5 times here · read the section in the full poem · notes
All 209 sections that name jowshan
  1. A1.2 Siamak and the Black Div
  2. A4.1 The Greatness and Fall of Jamshid
  3. A6.1 Fereydoon Gains the Throne
  4. A6.15 The Birth of Manuchehr
  5. A6.18 Fereydoon Answers His Sons
  6. A6.19 Manuchehr Marches for Vengeance
  7. A6.20 Manuchehr Attacks the Army of Tur
  8. A6.22 Fereydoon Receives News from Manuchehr
  9. A6.24 Kakouy Attacks the Iranians
  10. A6.25 Manuchehr Fights Salm and Slays Him
  11. A7.5 Zal Returns to Zabulistan
  12. A8.3 The Handmaidens Visit Zal
  13. A8.4 The Handmaidens Return
  14. A8.14 Zal Going as an Envoy before Manuchehr
  15. A9.2 Sahm Comes to Meet Rostam
  16. B1.4 Barman and Qobad in Single Combat
  17. B1.6 Nohzar’s Third Battle with Afrasiab
  18. B1.10 Zal Comes to Mehrab’s Aid
  19. B2.4 Rostam Brings Kay Qobad from Alborz
  20. B3.2 Rostam Fights Afrasiab
  21. B5.1 Rakhsh Fights a Lion
  22. B5.10 Kavus Wars with Mazandaran
  23. B6.3 Hamavaran’s King Imprisons Kavus
  24. B6.5 Rostam’s Message to Hamavaran
  25. B6.6 Rostam Battles the Three Kings
  26. B7.2 Rostam Battles the Turanians
  27. B7.3 Pilsam Battles the Iranians and Alkus’ Battle
  28. B8.9 Sohrab Fights with Gordafarid
  29. B8.12 Kavus Summons Rostam from Zabulistan
  30. B8.13 Kavus’s Anger at Rostam
  31. B8.16 Sohrab Questions Hajir on Iran’s Chiefs
  32. B8.17 Sohrab Attacks Kavus’s Army
  33. B8.18 Rostam and Sohrab Meet in Combat
  34. B8.21 The Tragedy of Sohrab
  35. B8.25 Tahmineh Hears of Sohrab’s Death
  36. B9.16 Siavash Leads the Army
  37. B9.38 Afrasiab Grants Siavash a Province
  38. B9.46 Siavash Shows His Skill at Polo
  39. B9.53 Siavash Is Taken by Afrasiab
  40. B9.57 The Birth of Kay Khosrow
  41. B10.3 Rostam Comes before Kavus
  42. B10.8 The Death of Pilsam
  43. B10.15 Gudarz’s Dream of Kay Khosrow
  44. B10.19 Kay Khosrow Wins Behzad
  45. B10.20 Kay Khosrow, Giv, and Farangis Flee to Iran
  46. B10.23 The Contest of Piran and Giv
  47. B10.27 Giv Confronts the Toll-Man
  48. B10.28 Kay Khosrow Crosses the Jihun
  49. B10.34 Bahman Castle Defies Tus and Fariborz
  50. B11.3 Kay Khosrow Surveys His Kingdom
  51. B11.8 Kay Khosrow Inspects the Army
  52. B12.5 Bahram Meets Forood on the Mountain
  53. B12.9 Tus Battles Forood
  54. B12.10 Giv Battles Forood
  55. B12.11 Bijan Battles Forood
  56. B12.12 The Death of Forood
  57. B12.13 The Death of Jarireh
  58. B12.14 The March to Kasa Rud
  59. B12.17 The Iranians Battle Tazhav
  60. B12.19 Piran’s Night Attack
  61. B12.22 The Turanians Defeat the Iranians
  62. B12.23 Bahram Returns to Seek His Whip
  63. B13.4 Khosrow Dispatches Tus to Turan
  64. B13.6 Afrasiab Sends an Army to Piran
  65. B13.8 Tus and Houman Meet in Combat
  66. B13.9 The Second Battle of Iran and Turan
  67. B13.10 The Turanians Use Sorcery
  68. B13.12 The Turanians Besiege Hamavan
  69. B13.14 The Iranians Make a Night-Attack, Tus, Giv, Rohham Are Surrounded but Are Saved
  70. B13.25 Giv and Tus Battle Kamus
  71. B13.26 The Coming of Rostam
  72. B13.27 Iran and Turan Set Their Battle Lines
  73. B13.29 Piran Reckons with Rostam’s Coming
  74. B13.30 Iran and Turan Prepare for Battle
  75. B13.32 Rostam Slays Kamus
  76. B14.2 Chingish Faces Rostam
  77. B14.3 Houman Bears the Khan’s Message
  78. B14.4 Piran Consults Houman and the Khan
  79. B14.5 Piran Comes before Rostam
  80. B14.6 Turan’s Counsel before Battle
  81. B14.8 The Battle Lines Are Drawn
  82. B14.11 Rostam Puts Shangul to Flight
  83. B14.13 Rostam Slays Gahar of Gahan
  84. B14.15 The Turanians Are Overthrown
  85. B14.21 Afrasiab Hears of Rostam’s Coming
  86. B14.23 Puladvand Battles Giv and Tus
  87. C2.3 Bijan Goes to Fight the Wild Boars
  88. C2.24 Rostam Rescues Bijan from the Pit
  89. C2.27 The Iranians Defeat Afrasiab
  90. C3.3 Kay Khosrow Sends Gudarz against Turan
  91. C3.6 The Armies Are Set in Array
  92. C3.7 Bijan Urges Giv to Fight
  93. C3.8 Houman Seeks Leave for Battle
  94. C3.10 Houman Challenges Fariborz
  95. C3.12 News of Houman Reaches Bijan
  96. C3.13 Giv Arms Bijan with Siavash’s Jowshan
  97. C3.14 Houman and Bijan Meet in Combat
  98. C3.15 Bijan Slays Houman
  99. C3.19 Khosrow Musters the Army
  100. C3.23 Afrasiab Replies to Piran
  101. C3.24 Iran and Turan Fight a Pitched Battle
  102. C3.25 Giv’s Horse Falters before Piran
  103. C3.26 The Battle of Eleven Rukhs Is Arranged
  104. C3.40 Gudarz Returns from Battle
  105. C3.41 Lahhak and Farshidvard Bewail Piran
  106. C3.44 Bijan Follows Gostaham
  107. C3.46 Bijan Comes upon Gostaham
  108. C4.1 Praise for Sultan Mahmud
  109. C4.2 Kay Khosrow Musters against Afrasiab
  110. C4.3 Afrasiab Hears of Piran’s Death
  111. C4.4 Kay Khosrow Hears of Afrasiab’s Advance
  112. C4.8 Kay Khosrow Battles Shideh
  113. C4.9 Khosrow Slays Shideh
  114. C4.10 The Armies Meet in Battle
  115. C4.11 Afrasiab Is Put to Flight
  116. C4.15 Khosrow’s Second Battle with Afrasiab
  117. C4.17 Afrasiab Writes to the Faghfoor
  118. C4.21 Gang-Behesht Falls to Kay Khosrow
  119. C4.33 The Shah’s Answer to Khosrow
  120. C4.35 Khosrow Battles the King of Makran
  121. C4.40 Kay Khosrow Returns to His Grandfather
  122. C4.48 The Court Is Closed to the Nobles
  123. C4.53 Zal Reproaches Khosrow
  124. C4.56 Gudarz Receives Khosrow’s Mandate
  125. C4.59 Tus Receives Khosrow’s Patent
  126. C4.64 Lohrasp Learns Kay Khosrow Has Vanished
  127. C5.5 Goshtasb Arrives in Rum
  128. C5.10 Goshtasb Slays the Wolf
  129. C5.15 Goshtasb Battles Ilyas
  130. C6.5 Arjasp’s Letter to Goshtasb
  131. C6.7 Zarir Replies to Arjasp
  132. C6.8 The Envoys Bear Goshtasb’s Answer
  133. C6.9 Goshtasb Assembles His Troops
  134. C6.10 Goshtasb Hears Jamasp’s Prophecy
  135. C6.12 The Opening of the Battle
  136. C6.14 Zarir Is Slain by Bidarfesh
  137. C6.16 Esfandiyar Marches against Arjasp
  138. C6.17 Nastur and Esfandiyar Slay Bidarfesh
  139. C6.27 Lohrasp Falls at Balkh
  140. C6.30 Jamasp Visits Esfandiyar
  141. C6.32 Esfandiyar Reaches Goshtasb
  142. C7.4 The Dragon of the Third Stage
  143. C7.6 The Simorgh of the Fifth Stage
  144. C7.7 The Snow of the Sixth Stage
  145. C7.8 The River of the Seventh Stage
  146. C7.9 Esfandiyar’s Guile at the Ruyin Dezh
  147. C7.11 Bishutan Attacks the Ruyin Dezh
  148. C7.12 Esfandiyar Slays Arjasp
  149. C7.13 Esfandiyar Slays Kuhram
  150. C8.10 Bahman Returns to Esfandiyar
  151. C8.20 Zal Advises Rostam
  152. C8.21 Rostam Battles Esfandiyar
  153. C8.23 Rostam Flees to the Heights
  154. C8.24 Rostam Consults His Family
  155. C8.26 Rostam Faces Esfandiyar Again
  156. C8.27 Rostam Shoots Esfandiyar in the Eyes
  157. C8.28 Esfandiyar’s Last Wishes
  158. D4.1 Dara, Son of Darab, Lectures His Chiefs
  159. D4.2 Faylaqus Dies and Iskandar Gains the Throne
  160. D4.9 Dara Tells His Last Wishes to Iskandar and Dies
  161. D5.4 Iskandar Sends His Mother to Fetch Roshanak
  162. D5.10 Nine Sages Return with the Four Wonders
  163. D5.23 Iskandar and Kaydafa Reach an Agreement
  164. D5.28 Iskandar and the City of Women
  165. D5.31 Iskandar Sees Wonders and Omens
  166. D8.1 Shapur, Son of Hormizd, Surnamed Zul-Aktaf
  167. D10.2 Bahram Pardons Iran and Remits the Arrears
  168. D10.4 Bahram Is Ill-Treated by Baraham the Jew
  169. D10.27 Shangul Answers Bahram’s Letter
  170. D10.34 Bahram’s Flight from Hind to Iran
  171. D13.4 Anooshirvan Orders the Army Assembled
  172. D13.8 Monzer Seeks Justice from Anooshirvan
  173. D13.11 Anooshirvan Marches against Caesar
  174. D13.13 Anooshirvan Defeats Caesar’s Army
  175. D13.19 The Death of Nushzad
  176. E1.6 The Khan Writes for Peace
  177. E1.13 Bozorgmehr’s Counsel to Anooshirvan
  178. E2.3 Gav, Talkhand, and Chess
  179. E3.4 Anooshirvan’s Counsel to Hormizd
  180. E4.2 Anooshirvan and the Shoemaker
  181. E5.6 Bahram Chubin Takes Command
  182. E5.9 Saveh and Bahram Chubin Face Each Other
  183. E5.10 The Second Exchange with King Saveh
  184. E5.11 Bahram Chubin Slays King Saveh
  185. E5.13 Bahram Chubin Overcomes Parmudeh
  186. E5.28 Hormizd Refuses Audience and Falls
  187. E6.4 Bahram Leads His Troops against Khosrow
  188. E6.11 Bahram Chubin Claims the Throne
  189. E6.12 The Plot against Bahram Chubin
  190. E6.21 Caesar Sends Aid and a Bride
  191. E6.24 Khosrow Battles Bahram Chubin
  192. E6.25 Soroush Saves Khosrow from Bahram
  193. E6.26 Khosrow Overthrows Bahram Chubin
  194. E6.27 Bahram Escapes to the Khan of Chin
  195. E6.29 Maryam Reconciles Niyatus and Bandvi
  196. E6.33 Makatura Falls to Bahram Chubin
  197. E6.41 Gurdiyeh Takes Counsel and Flees Marv
  198. E6.42 The Khan Sends Tobarg after Gurdiyeh
  199. E6.46 Gurdiyeh Is Moved to Slay Gostaham
  200. E6.47 Khosrow Receives and Weds Gurdiyeh
  201. E6.48 Gurdiyeh Displays Her Grace and Skill
  202. E7.2 Khosrow’s Love for Shirin
  203. E7.10 Shiruyeh Is Released
  204. E7.11 Shiruyeh Sends Khosrow to Tisfoon
  205. E8.4 Barbad Breaks His Art in Grief
  206. E10.2 Sa’ad Invades, and Rostam Takes the Field
  207. E10.5 Yazdegard Withdraws to Khorasan
  208. E10.9 Yazdegard Hides in the Mill
  209. E10.13 Bijan Marches against Mahwi

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