New NaqqaliReference
Characters of the Shahnameh
Every person, being and horse named ten times or more in the poem, each with a page: who they are, their family, and the couplets that name them. 210 entries.
A
AfrasiabافراسیابKing of Turan, son of Pashang, Iran's great enemy; killer of Nohzar and Siavash. Seized at last by the hermit Hum, he is put to death by Kay Khosrow.named 532 timesAghrirasاغریرثAfrasiab’s gentle brother, killed by Afrasiab for sparing Iranian captives.named 21 timesAhranاهرنA prince of Rum of Caesar's kin, who seeks the hand of Caesar's daughter.named 26 timesAkvanاکوان دیوA Div who haunts the royal herds in the form of a wild ass, hurls the sleeping Rostam into the sea, and is slain by him. His huge stone later seals Bijan's pit.Being · named 14 timesAliعلیCousin and son-in-law of the Prophet, the fourth caliph, who pleads for those who love him on the Judgment Day.named 10 timesAndiyanاندیانAn Iranian chief, companion of Shapur, who follows Khosrow Parviz to Rum and is rewarded with a province.named 11 timesAnooshirvanانوشیروانThe Sasanian king of kings, son of Qobad, renowned for justice and wise counsel.named 129 timesArash (Ashkanian)کی آرشThe legendary archer of Manuchehr's reign, a byword for a mighty bowshot, from whom the Ashkanian kings and Bahram Chubin claim descent; also an Ashkanian king and a marzban at Yazdegard's death.named 12 timesArdavanاردوانThe last great Ashkanian king, ruling from Rey, whom Ardeshir overthrows and kills.named 46 timesArdeshir Babakanاردشیر بابکانGrandson of Babak, of Sasan's line, who overthrows Ardavan and founds the Sasanian house.named 111 timesArezuآرزوThe jeweler Mahiyar's daughter, a singer and harpist, whom Bahram Goor marries.named 13 timesArjaspارجاسپKing of Turan and Chin in Goshtasb's reign, who makes war on Iran over Zardosht's faith and kills Lohrasp; Esfandiyar slays him in Ruyin Dezh.named 109 timesArzhang Divارژنگ دیوA Div commander of Mazandaran, killed by Rostam in the Seven Trials.Being · named 16 timesAshkabusاشکبوسA Kashani champion whom Rostam, on foot, kills with one arrow.named 12 timesAshkashاشکشAn Iranian commander under Kay Khosrow.named 23 timesAshtadاشتادAn Iranian noble and warrior of Khosrow Parviz; with Kharrad Barzin he carries Qobad's message to the imprisoned Khosrow.named 10 timesAyin Gashaspآیین گشسپA Pahlevan of Hormizd's court sent against the rebel Bahram, murdered on the way.named 15 times
B
BabakبابکLord of Istakhr under Ardavan, who takes Sasan into his service and raises Ardeshir; also Anooshirvan's Mobad who musters the army.named 35 timesBahmanبهمنSon of Esfandiyar, entrusted to Rostam's care, who succeeds Goshtasb as Shah and wreaks vengeance on Zabul; father of Homahyi.named 13 timesBahramبهرامSon of Gudarz, a champion killed in the Forood campaign; also the planet Mars.named 113 timesBahram Chubinبهرام چوبینهThe swarthy Iranian sepahbod of Pahlevan descent who wins great victories and later wars against Khosrow.named 377 timesBahram Goorبهرام گورThe Sasanian king famed for hunting, feasting and his adventures in disguise.named 313 timesBalawshبلاشYounger son of Pirooz, set on the throne in his place until Sofrye restores his brother Qobad.named 13 timesBandviبندویKhosrow Parviz's maternal uncle, who with his brother Gostaham blinds Hormizd and stands by Khosrow in his flight.named 80 timesBarahamبراهامA rich, miserly Jew whose hoard Bahram Goor has seized and given away.named 11 timesBarbadباربدThe great minstrel of Khosrow Parviz, who laments his fall.named 14 timesbargostvanبرگستوانArmor for a war-horse.Horse · named 45 timesBarmanبارمانA Turanian champion who kills Qobad in single combat; he is later slain by Rohham in the Battle of the Twelve Rokhs.named 30 timesBarmayehبرمایهThe wondrous cow whose milk nourished the infant Fereydoon in hiding; Zahhak had her killed.named 12 timesBarzinبرزینAzar Barzin, one of the three great sacred fires of Iran. Also the name of several men: the old dehqan whose three daughters marry Bahram Goor, Ram Barzin (Mobad and general of Qobad and Anooshirvan), and the father of Kharrad Barzin.named 43 timesBarzinبرزینAn Iranian champion.named 12 timesBarzviبرزویThe learned physician who brings the book Kalila from Hind to Anooshirvan; also the name Bahram Goor gives himself at Shangul's court.named 21 timesBidبیدA Div chieftain of Mazandaran, named with Pulad Ghandi as a guardian of the White Div’s country.Being · named 10 timesBidarfeshبیدرفشA Turanian warlock and champion, Gorgsar's brother and Arjasp's envoy, who kills Zarir and is slain by Esfandiyar.named 15 timesBijanبیژنSon of Giv and grandson of Gudarz, a young champion; Rostam frees him from Afrasiab's pit, and he later perishes in the snow after Kay Khosrow vanishes.named 311 timesBijan (Ashkanian)بیژنA Pahlevan of Turk-Khan's line at Samarkand, whom Mahwi calls in after Yazdegard's murder and who turns on him, captures him and has him mutilated; also an Ashkanian king of Kayanian descent.named 21 timesBishutanپشوتنSon of Goshtasb and brother of Esfandiyar, his wise companion, who keeps his army during the Seven Stages.named 61 timesBitlqunبیطقونIskandar's minister, who sits on Iskandar's throne as king while Iskandar poses as one of his train.named 15 timesBozorgmehrبزرگمهرAnooshirvan's wise vizier and sage.named 78 timesBrahmanبرهمنA Hindu priest; in the poem a byword for an idol-worshipping sage of India.named 16 times
C
D
DaraداراKing of Iran, son of Darab, whose realm falls to Iskandar.named 74 timesDarabدارابSon of Homahyi, found as an infant in a coffer on the river; King of Iran and father of Dara.named 54 times
E
F
FaramarzفرامرزRostam's son, who avenges his father's death and later falls fighting Bahman.named 58 timesFarangisفرنگیسAfrasiab‘s daughter, Siavash’s wife and mother of Kay Khosrow.named 57 timesFarhadفرهادAn Iranian commander of the Sasanian era, given the left wing of Anooshirvan's army.named 38 timesFariborzفریبرزSon of Kavus, uncle of Kay Khosrow; he perishes in the snow after Kay Khosrow vanishes.named 109 timesFarshidvard (son of Goshtasb)فرشیدوردSon of Goshtasb and brother of Esfandiyar, mortally wounded by Kuhram in the war with Arjasp.named 10 timesFarshidvard (Viseh)فرشیدوردSon of Viseh and brother of Piran.named 44 timesFaylaqusفیلقوسKing of Rum, whose daughter Darab weds; Iskandar is called his son.named 15 timesFereydoonفریدونThe king who overthrew Zahhak and divided the world among his sons Salm, Tur and Iraj.named 211 timesFoorفورKing of Hind, of an old royal line, who defies Iskandar.named 42 timesForoodفرودSon of Siavash and Jarireh, Kay Khosrow’s half-brother, killed at Kalat.named 69 times
G
GarsivazگرسیوزAfrasiab's brother, whose slander brings about Siavash's death; Kay Khosrow puts him to death beside Afrasiab.named 121 timesGashaspگشسپA name borne by several Iranian nobles (Izad, Ayin, Kanda, Hamdan, Ashtad Gashasp); alone, the father of Gharan, a learned scribe, and a royal treasurer.named 34 timesGavگوKing of Hind, son of Jamhur, whose war with his brother Talkhand gives rise to chess.named 65 timesGazhdahamگژدهمKeeper of the White Fortress, father of Gordafarid.named 23 timesGharanقارنSon of Kaveh, a great commander under Manuchehr and Nohzar; his line is still named under Kay Khosrow. Mount Gharan is also a byword for height.named 89 timesGivگیوSon of Gudarz, who searches seven years for Kay Khosrow and brings him to Iran; he perishes in the snow after Kay Khosrow vanishes.named 547 timesGolnarگلنارArdavan's favorite slave, keeper of his treasure, who loves Ardeshir.named 11 timesGolshahrگلشهرPiran’s wife, mother of Jarireh.named 13 timesGordviگردویBrother of Bahram Chubin, who stays loyal to Khosrow Parviz and fights at his side against Bahram.named 25 timesGorginگرگینSon of Milad, an Iranian champion.named 101 timesGorgsarگرگسارAn aged Turk, Arjasp's commander, captured by Esfandiyar and made his guide to Turan.named 46 timesGoshtasbگشتاسپSon of Lohrasp, king of Iran and father of Esfandiyar.named 242 timesGostahamگستهمBrother of Bandvi and maternal uncle of Khosrow Parviz, who helps depose Hormizd, later rebels and is killed at Khosrow's command.named 58 timesGostaham (son of Nohzar)گستهمAn Iranian champion, son of Nohzar and brother of Tus.named 109 timesGudarzگودرزSon of Keshvad, head of the great house of Gudarz; father of Giv. He slays Piran in the battle of the Twelve Rukhs.named 450 timesGurazگرازWarden of the Rum frontier who betrays Khosrow Parviz and later seizes the throne as Farayin.named 19 timesGurazaگرازهAn Iranian champion of the house of Givgan.named 31 timesGurazmگرزمA noble at Goshtasb's court whose slander brings about Esfandiyar's imprisonment.named 18 timesGurdiyehگردیهBahram Chubin's wise and brave sister.named 26 timesGurvi Zerehگروی زرهThe Turanian who beheads Siavash. The text also has 'Gurvi'.named 37 times
H
HaftvadهفتوادA poor man whose daughter's lucky worm brings him wealth and power until Ardeshir destroys him.named 23 timesHajirهجیرSon of Gudarz, captured by Sohrab. He names the Iranian chiefs to Sohrab but hides Rostam.named 64 timesHishviهیشویThe wise old toll-keeper of the sea crossing who ferries Goshtasb to Rum and befriends him.named 33 timesHohmهومA pious hermit living in a mountain cave, who captures the fugitive Afrasiab.named 17 timesHormizd (son of Anooshirvan)هرمزدSon of Anooshirvan by the Khan of Chin's daughter and father of Khosrow Parviz; blinded and killed after Bahram Chubin's revolt.named 63 timesHoumanهومانPiran's brother, a leading Turanian champion, slain by Bijan.named 154 timesHushangهوشنگGrandson of Kioumars; the king who discovered fire and founded Sadeh.named 25 times
I
IlyasالیاسSon of Mehras, ruler of Khazar, defeated by Goshtasb for Caesar.named 16 timesIrajایرجFereydoon’s youngest son, heir to Iran, murdered by his brothers.named 77 timesIskandarاسکندرAlexander, the king of Rum who defeats Dara and conquers the world.named 207 times
J
JahanجهنA son of Afrasiab.named 28 timesJamaspجاماسپGoshtasb's wise counselor and chief Mobad.named 59 timesJamhurجمهورA king of Hind, father of Gav, after whose death Mai takes his throne.named 13 timesJamshidجمشیدThe fourth king, whose glory ended in pride; he was sawn in two by Zahhak.named 74 timesJarirehجریرهPiran’s daughter, first wife of Siavash and mother of Forood.named 12 times
K
KakouyکاکویZahhak’s grandson, killed by Manuchehr.named 12 timesKamusکاموسKamus of Kashan, the mightiest of the Khan’s allies, captured and killed by Rostam.named 88 timesKatayunکتایونThe Caesar's eldest daughter, who chooses Goshtasb as husband; mother of Esfandiyar.named 23 timesKavehکاوهThe blacksmith who raised his apron as a banner against Zahhak.named 39 timesKavusکاووسKavus, the rash second Kayanian king, father of Siavash; he dies in the reign of his grandson Kay Khosrow.named 378 timesKaydکیدA wise king of Hind whose daughter is sent to Iskandar.named 22 timesKaydafaکیدافاThe wise queen of Andalus, mother of Qaydrush, who recognizes Iskandar when he comes to her disguised as his own envoy.named 26 timesKay KhosrowکیخسروSon of Siavash and Farangis, raised among shepherds; king of Iran. He avenges his father on Afrasiab, then gives the throne to Lohrasp and vanishes in the snow.named 505 timesKeshvadکشوادFather of Gudarz, a commander of Manuchehr’s day.named 61 timesKhan of Chinخاقان چینThe title of the ruler of Chin and the Turks; in the Kayanian age an ally of Afrasiab, under the Sasanians by turns a foe and an ally of the Shahs.named 27 timesKharradخرادAn Iranian champion. Esfandiyar also takes the name Kharrad when he enters the Ruyin Dezh disguised as a merchant (C7.9).named 12 timesKharrad Barzinخراد برزینKharrad son of Barzin, counselor and envoy of Hormizd and Khosrow Parviz.named 13 timesKhoshnavazخوشنوازSon of the Khan, ruler of the Heytalians, against whom Pirooz marches and falls.named 33 timesKhosrow Parvizخسرو پرویزSon of Hormizd, the Sasanian Shah who flees to Caesar in Rum and returns to win back the throne.named 273 timesKioumarsکیومرثThe first king of the world.named 17 timesKisraکسریThe name given at birth to Qobad's son, the future Anooshirvan.named 22 timesKuhramکهرمA Turanian commander.named 13 timesKuhram (brother of Arjasp)کهرمArjasp's brother and commander, who kills Farshidvard at Balkh and is slain by Esfandiyar.named 21 timesKulbadکلبادA son of Viseh, brother of Piran, slain by Fariborz in the Twelve Rukhs.named 23 timesKulunقلونA poor, aged Turk of Makatura's kin, whom Kharrad Barzin sends to stab Bahram Chubin.named 12 times
L
LahhakلهاکSon of Viseh, brother of Piran; he flees after Piran's fall and is killed with Farshidvard.named 42 timesLambakلنبکA kind, generous water-carrier who hosts Bahram Goor for a night and is richly rewarded.named 10 timesLohraspلهراسپThe king whom Kay Khosrow chooses as his successor; father of Goshtasb.named 118 times
M
MahbudمهبودA loyal steward of Anooshirvan whose kitchen fed the Shah, destroyed with his sons through Zarvan's envy.named 25 timesMahmudمحمودSultan Mahmud of Ghazni, Ferdowsi's patron, praised in the prologue and in the poet's asides.named 21 timesMahwiماهویMahwi Suri, marzban of Marv, who betrays Yazdegard, has him killed, and seizes the throne.named 53 timesMakaturaمقاتورهThe Khan of Chin's champion, who challenges Bahram Chubin and is killed.named 10 timesManijehمنیژهAfrasiab's daughter, who loves Bijan and feeds him in his pit.named 28 timesManshurمنشورA warrior of the Khan’s army.named 18 timesManuchehrمنوچهرGrandson of Iraj, who avenges him on Salm and Tur.named 104 timesMaryamمریمCaesar's daughter, given in marriage to Khosrow.named 14 timesMazdakمزدکA shrewd preacher who wins Qobad to his new doctrine and is hanged on Kisra's order.named 39 timesMehrabمهرابKing of Kabul, descended from Zahhak; father of Rudabeh.named 74 timesMehrakمهرکSon of Nushzad, of Kayanian descent, who rebels against Ardeshir from Jahram.named 14 timesMehran Setadمهران ستادA wise elder, chief of the envoys who report to Anooshirvan on the Khan's court, whom the Shah then sends to the Khan to bring back his bride.named 11 timesMiladمیلادFather of Gorgin.named 15 timesMonzerمنذرThe Arab king of Yemen who raises Bahram Goor.named 72 timesMurinمیرینA rich noble of Rum who seeks one of Caesar's daughters in marriage.named 31 times
N
NarimanنریمانFather of Sahm, grandfather of Zal.named 30 timesNastihanنستیهنA son of Viseh, slain by Bijan in a night attack.named 21 timesNasturنستورSon of Zarir, who avenges his father in the war with Arjasp.named 18 timesNiyatusنیاطوسCaesar's brother, who leads the Roman army sent with Maryam to restore Khosrow Parviz.named 24 timesNohzarنوذرManuchehr’s son and heir, killed by Afrasiab.named 98 timesNumanنعمانAn Arab prince, companion of Monzer, who helps raise Bahram Goor in Yemen and win him the throne.named 18 timesNush Azarنوش‌آذرA son of Esfandiyar, builder of a fire temple, killed in battle with Rostam's Sistani troops.named 18 timesNushzadنوشزادAnooshirvan's son by a Christian wife, who turns Christian, rebels, and dies fighting Ram Barzin.named 24 times
P
PalashanپلاشانA Turanian champion killed by Bijan.named 11 timesParmudehپرمودهSon of King Saveh and Khan of Chin and the Turks, who is besieged by Bahram Chubin in Avaza and submits to Hormizd.named 37 timesPashang of TuranپشنگFather of Afrasiab; the name is also given to Afrasiab's son Shideh.named 34 timesPilsamپیلسمPiran’s brother, a Turanian champion.named 22 timesPiltanپیلتن‘Elephant-bodied’: an epithet of Rostam.named 18 timesPiranپیرانSon of Viseh, Afrasiab's wise commander, protector of Siavash and Kay Khosrow; slain by Gudarz in the Twelve Rukhs.named 486 timesPiroozپیروزSon of Yazdegard, the Sasanian Shah who falls into Khoshnavaz's hidden trench fighting the Heytalians; father of Qobad and Balawsh.named 73 timesPuladvandپولادوندA Div-like champion summoned by Afrasiab, defeated by Rostam.Being · named 37 times
Q
QaydrushقیدروشSon of Queen Kaydafa and son-in-law of King Faryan, captured by Iskandar's men.named 12 timesQobadقبادKay Qobad, founder of the Kayanian dynasty.named 147 timesQobad (Pirooz’s son)قبادQobad son of Pirooz, Sasanian king and father of Anooshirvan, who is deposed, regains the throne and embraces Mazdak's creed. Also the throne name of Shiruyeh.named 52 times
R
RakhshرخشRostam's horse, rose-colored and dappled, chosen from the herds of Zabul. Wounded with Rostam by Esfandiyar and healed by the Simorgh, it dies with him in Shaghad's pit.Horse · named 198 timesRashnavadرشنوادHomahyi's sepahbod, who leads her army against Rum and discovers Darab.named 14 timesRizmehrرزمهرSon of Sofrye, given the captive Qobad to guard, who becomes his confidant and helps him.named 14 timesRohhamرهامSon of Gudarz, an Iranian champion.named 88 timesRostamرستمSon of Zal and Rudabeh, the greatest Pahlevan of Iran; also called Tahamtan and Piltan. He slays Esfandiyar and dies through his half-brother Shaghad's treachery.named 1,265 timesRostam (Hormizd’s son)رستمRostam son of Ormozd, Yazdegard's commander against the Arabs, killed at Kadisiya by Sa'ad son of Wakkas.named 19 timesRozbehروزبهA high Mobad and counselor of Bahram Goor.named 13 timesRudabehرودابهMehrab‘s daughter, Zal’s wife and mother of Rostam.named 45 timesRuyinرویینSon of Piran, slain by Bijan in the Twelve Rukhs.named 31 times
S
Sa'adسعدSon of Wakkas, the Arab commander Umar sends against Iran, who meets Rostam in single combat.named 20 timesSahmسامSon of Nariman, the great Pahlevan of Manuchehr’s reign; father of Zal.named 283 timesSalmسلمFereydoon’s eldest son, ruler of Rum and the west; a murderer of Iraj.named 59 timesSapinudسپینودDaughter of Shangul, king of Hind, whom Bahram Goor marries and carries off to Iran.named 11 timesSarvسروKing of Yemen, father of the three princesses.named 36 timesSasanساسانSon of Bahman, who goes into exile when Bahman leaves the crown to Homay's unborn child. His descendants, all named Sasan, live as shepherds until the last, Babak's son-in-law, fathers Ardeshir and gives his name to the Sasanian house.named 37 timesSavehساوهKing of the Turks and Chin who marches on Iran from Herat in Hormizd's reign and is killed by Bahram Chubin.named 73 timesShabrangشبرنگ'Night-hued': Bijan's black horse, which he rides against the boars, to Manijeh's land and in the war of the Twelve Champions.Horse · named 20 timesShaghadشغادSon of Zal by a serving maid, raised at the court of Kabul, who plots the death of his brother Rostam.named 24 timesShamasasشماساسA Turanian commander.named 15 timesShangulشنگلKing of Hind, ally of the Khan of Chin; Bahram Goor visits his court as his own envoy and marries his daughter Sapinud.named 80 timesShapurشاپورAn Iranian champion who serves from Manuchehr's reign through Kay Khosrow's wars.named 15 timesShapur (son of Ardeshir)شاپورSon of Ardeshir Babakan and the second Sasanian king, who promises open justice and leaves the throne to his son Hormizd.named 36 timesShapur Zul-Aktafشاپور ذوالاکتافSon of Hormizd, born after his father's death and crowned at forty days; the Arabs call him Zul-Aktaf.named 75 timesShidehشیدهAfrasiab's son, a Turanian commander, killed in single combat by Kay Khosrow.named 55 timesShidushشیدوشSon of Gudarz, an Iranian champion.named 22 timesShirinشیرینKhosrow Parviz's beloved queen, who poisons herself at his tomb after Shiruyeh's advances.named 30 timesShiruyehشیرویهSon of Khosrow Parviz, secretly named Qobad, who takes the throne from his imprisoned father and reigns only seven months.named 35 timesShirviyehشیرویAn Iranian champion of Manuchehr’s reign.named 10 timesSiavashسیاوشSon of Kay Kavus, who passed through fire to prove his innocence and was murdered in Turan.named 425 timesSimorghسیمرغThe wise and wondrous bird of Mount Alborz who raises the infant Zal and later guides Rostam’s birth.Being · named 46 timesSindokhtسیندختMehrab’s wife, mother of Rudabeh.named 36 timesSipahramسپهرمA Turanian commander, Afrasiab's kinsman, defeated by Siavash and later killed by Hajir.named 10 timesSofryeسوفزایA seasoned marzban from Shiraz, of Gharan's line, who avenges Pirooz on Khoshnavaz and rules in all but name under Qobad until he is put to death.named 49 timesSohrabسهرابSon of Rostam and Tahmineh, killed unknowingly by his father.named 119 timesSoroushسروشThe angel who brings Izad’s messages and warnings to kings.Being · named 28 timesSudabehسودابهDaughter of the king of Hamavaran and wife of Kavus, who desires Siavash.named 47 times
T
Tahamtanتهمتن‘Mighty-bodied’: an epithet of Rostam.named 24 timesTahminehتهمینهDaughter of the king of Samangan, Rostam‘s wife and Sohrab’s mother.named 9 timesTahmurasطهمورثAn early king of Iran, after Kioumars and Hushang, remembered for his just customs and wisdom.named 17 timesTairطایرThe Ghassanid Arab chief who carries off Nusha and is beheaded by Shapur.named 15 timesTalkhandطلخندAn Indian prince, Gav's younger brother and rival for the throne, whose death in battle is told through the game of chess.named 49 timesTaynushطینوشSon of Queen Kaydafa and brother of Qaydrush, a headstrong prince who meets Iskandar.named 11 timesTazhavتژاوA Turanian commander, whose beloved is Espanoye.named 48 timesTokhvarتخوارForood’s counselor, who knows the Iranian champions by sight.named 20 timesTurتورFereydoon’s second son, ruler of Turan and Chin; a murderer of Iraj.named 96 timesTusتوسSon of Nohzar, commander of the Iranian army; lost in the snow after Kay Khosrow's departure.named 430 times
U
V
W
Y
Yalan-sinaیلان‌سینهOne of Bahram Chubin's chief commanders and counselors, who later gives Gurdiyeh in marriage.named 33 timesYazdegard (son of Bahram Goor)یزدگردGathers the scattered army, rules justly eighteen years, and leaves the crown to Hormizd over his elder son Pirooz.named 11 timesYazdegard (son of Shapur)یزدگردFather of Bahram Goor, a harsh king who rules by terror and is killed by a horse that rises from the spring of Sav.named 16 timesYazdegard (the last king)یزدگردThe last Sasanian king, crowned in Sapandarmad on the day of Ard; he is killed at Mahwi Suri's command.named 19 times
Z
ZadeshmزادشمFather of Pashang and grandfather of Afrasiab.named 10 timesZad FarrokhزادفرخA courtier who controls access to the king and, with Tukhar, frees Shiruyeh to rise against Khosrow Parviz.named 21 timesZahhakضحاکThe Arab usurper from whose shoulders grew two serpents fed on human brains; overthrown by Fereydoon and bound on Damavand.named 113 timesZalزالSon of Sahm, born white-haired, raised by the Simorgh; also called Dastan and Zal-e-Zar. Father of Rostam; outlives him and is put in chains by Bahman.named 506 timesZangehزنگهZangeh of Shavaran, an Iranian champion.named 48 timesZaraspزراسپSon of Tus, killed by Forood.named 17 timesZardoshtزردشتThe prophet whose faith Goshtasb adopts and who brings the Zand-Avesta.named 30 timesZarirزریرSon of Lohrasp and brother of Goshtasb, a great champion slain in the war with Arjasp.named 84 timesZarvanزروانAn aged chamberlain at Anooshirvan's court who plots with a Jew to destroy Mahbud.named 24 timesZavزوSon of Tahmasp, who ruled Iran after Nohzar.named 14 timesZavarehزوارهRostam's brother, killed with him in Shaghad's pit.named 74 times